English contract law is as old as the English common law itself. Contract law is also the foundation for almost every business transaction. It may therefore come as a surprise to learn that the English courts` approach to the interpretation of commercial contracts continues to be subject of legal arguments....
The UK came out top in a recent survey conducted by the Chartered Institute of Arbitration on the cheapest place in Europe to hold an international arbitration....
In Austin & Others -v- Miller Argent (South Wales) Ltd [2011] EWCA Civ 928, the Court of Appeal has upheld a decision to refuse a Group Litigation Order ("GLO") in respect of a claim by more than 500 residents who were trying to impose controls on a land reclamation scheme near Merthyr Tydfil. A GLO is the means of bringing a class action in England and Wales and usually involves combining numerous low value claims in a single law suit thereby reducing the legal costs of bringing multiple claims....
A recent case serves as a timely reminder of the serious consequences that can follow if a person includes a statement in a witness statement or other Court document which they know to be untrue. In legal proceedings, the parties are required to verify certain Court documents by signing what is called a "Statement of Truth". This is a statement that the individual honestly believes that the information in the document is true....
For many years, mediation has been an important part of dispute resolution in the UK. Mediation offers a cost-effective and confidential way for parties to settle their differences and often enables parties to maintain ongoing business relationships which could be irretrievably damaged if the dispute proceeded to a full Court trial....
For the first time, the Court has awarded what may turn out to be substantial damages to an energy supplier for the breach of their human rights by the Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets ("OFGEM")....
One of the many advantages of arbitration over court proceedings is the flexibility of the process. The parties are able to agree most aspects of the conduct of the arbitration to suit their needs and the nature of the dispute. For example, parties can agree the venue of the hearings, the language of the hearings and how evidence is presented to suit their particular requirements....
The Court of Appeal has recently reversed a longstanding rule on the recoverability of legal costs in judicial review proceedings. This is an important development which public bodies need to bear in mind if threatened with judicial review....
A contract often contains a degree of flexibility about whether one of its terms must be complied with. Blackpool Airport Limited (BAL) recently found out that such clauses don`t necessarily give as much wriggle room as might be thought. BAL agreed with low cost airline Jet2.com to "co-operate together and use their best endeavours to promote Jet2.com`s low cost services from [Blackpool Airport]" and to "use all reasonable endeavours to provide a low cost base to facilitate Jet2.com`s low-cost pricing". The parties` obligations governing their 15 year agreement were set out in a short letter drafted, according to the court, "with little legal assistance"....
The single European currency may be undergoing a difficult period, but the European Commission is nevertheless pressing ahead with its plans for the formation of a single European contract law aimed at supporting trade across countries within the European single market....
When purchasing a car, consumers want their new vehicle as soon as possible. If you look at any internet car forum or motoring magazine these days, it is not uncommon to find complaints about the late delivery of new vehicles and enquiries about what legal action consumers can take....
When companies do business with one or another there is nearly always a contract involved. Differences often arise between the parties and ultimately one party may deem the other`s behaviour to be such that it has breached the contract and sues the breaching party for losses it has suffered....
In the recent decision of Nicholas Prestige Homes -v- Neal (2010) the Court of Appeal confirmed that a contract will be validly created by an email exchange between the parties....
When the political entity which became the European Union was created in the 1950`s, one of its major innovations was to provide for the easy enforcement of Judgments between member states....
A recent case put a new twist on the age old question of whether one party`s terms and conditions apply to a contract, sometimes known as ‘the battle of the forms`. This issue can be of crucial importance because a customer`s claim that might otherwise succeed can fail under "pro-supplier" terms and vice versa....
Most businesses include in their standard terms of business a provision that, if they are not paid on time, typically within 30 days, interest will be payable on their outstanding invoice....
Does English law apply to foreign individuals and companies in this country? In the eyes of the law nationality is irrelevant....
We are often asked to advise on matters where parties claim that they had agreed something either over the telephone or in person but there is no written record of that agreement. In the recent case of Pebble v Costa, the Court of Appeal stated that where there is no evidence of an agreement in writing, it was open to a judge to decide what had been agreed based only on what appeared likely in the circumstances and how the witnesses appeared in court....
A crucial part of the Commercial Regulations that all agents need to be aware of is that you lose your right to compensation or an indemnity if you fail to serve notice of your intention to make a claim within one year of termination of your agency agreement (Regulation 17(9)). If you fail to comply with the notice requirements in the Regulations you will lose your claim to an indemnity or compensation however strong your case may have been....
The House of Lords has been the highest Court in the land for 133 years. Its history, however, can be traced back to the 14th century. On 1 October 2009 that history was swept away when it was renamed the Supreme Court. At the same time, it moved to a dedicated new Court in Middlesex Guildhall - just across Parliament Square from the House of Lords, which is being refurbished at a cost of £77m....